Understanding Chlamydia

Chlamydia is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) when left untreated, it can lead to serious health complications such as infertility, pelvic inflammatory disease, and increased risk of contracting other STIs. Many people unknowingly carry the infection and spread it to others, all while putting their own long-term health at risk. Fortunately, when detected and treated early, complications can be prevented, this article seeks to make you understand how it is transmitted, its symptoms, and how to protect yourself. 

What is Chlamydia?

Chlamydia is caused by a type of bacteria called Chlamydia trachomatis. It can infect different parts of the body, such as the genitals, rectum, and throat. Many people with chlamydia may not even realize they have it because it often doesn’t cause noticeable symptoms. However, it can lead to serious health problems if left untreated.

How is Chlamydia Transmitted?

Chlamydia spreads through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex. It can also be passed from an infected pregnant person to their baby during childbirth. Importantly, it can still be transmitted even if symptoms aren’t present, which is why regular testing is crucial for anyone sexually active.

How Common is Chlamydia?

Chlamydia is one of the most frequently reported STIs, particularly among young adults. Millions of new cases are diagnosed each year. Since the infection often doesn’t cause obvious symptoms, many people may have it without knowing and unintentionally spread it to others.

Symptoms Of Chlamydia

While chlamydia is often asymptomatic, when symptoms do appear, they can vary between individuals. Knowing what to look for is important, as early detection can prevent complications.

Symptoms in Women and People Assigned Female at Birth (AFAB)

In women and AFAB individuals, chlamydia can cause:

• Unusual vaginal discharge
• Pain during sex
• Bleeding between periods
• Burning sensation when urinating
• Lower abdominal pain

Symptoms in Men and People Assigned Male at Birth (AMAB)

In men and AMAB individuals, chlamydia may cause:

• Discharge from the penis
• Burning during urination
• Pain or swelling in one or both testicles
• Discomfort or pain around the rectum (for those who have had anal sex)

Other Possible Symptoms

Sometimes, chlamydia can infect the rectum, eyes, or throat. Rectal symptoms include pain, discharge, and bleeding. If the eyes are infected, symptoms might resemble conjunctivitis, with redness, swelling, and discharge. Throat infections are typically mild but may cause soreness.

Diagnosis and Testing

If you think you’ve been exposed to chlamydia or are experiencing symptoms, it’s important to get tested. Diagnosing chlamydia is simple and painless.

How is Chlamydia Diagnosed?

Chlamydia can be diagnosed through a urine test or a swab of the affected area (such as the cervix or urethra). These tests look for the presence of the bacteria that cause chlamydia. Many health clinics, doctors, and STI testing centres offer these tests, and the results are usually available within a few days.